Preimplantation Endometrial Transcriptomics in Natural Conception Cycle of the Rhesus Monkey

There is no report on preimplantation phase endometrial transcriptomics in natural conception cycles of primates. In the present study, whole-genome expression array endometrium Days 2, 4, and 6 post-ovulation (pov) proven (Group 1; n = 12) non-mated, ovulatory 2; rhesus monkeys was examined, compared, validated. Of fifteen (15) genes showing differential (>2-fold; pFDR < 0.05), six (CHRND, FOXD3, GJD4, MAPK8IP3, MKS1, NUP50) were upregulated, while eight (ADCY5, ADIPOR1, NNMT, PATL1, PIGV, TGFBR2, TOX2, VWA5B1) down regulated Day pov as compared to 2 cycles. On pov, four regulated, AVEN upregulated with non-conception cycle. These observations orthogonally validated at protein level. Group-specifically expressed unique influence process induction immune-tolerance, both groups processes targeting metabolism. A triad timed-actions progesterone, seminal plasma, embryo putatively regulate several input molecules CREB, NF-kB, STAT regulatory networks during secretory towards evolution receptivity monkey.